The Controversial Election of Thomas Jefferson in 1800

The election of 1800 was one of the most controversial in American history, marked by intrigue, betrayals, and a tie in the electoral college between two candidates who were running mates on the same ticket. The eventual winner was decided only after  days of balloting in the House of Representatives. When it was settled, Thomas Jefferson became president, marking a philosophical change that has been characterized as the Revolution of 1800. The result represented a significant political realignment as the first two presidents, George Washington and John Adams, had been Federalists, while Jefferson represented the ascending Democratic-Republican Party. Constitutional Flaw The 1800 election result revealed a serious flaw in the U.S. Constitution, which said that candidates for president and vice president ran on the same ballot, which meant running mates could be running against each other. The 12th Amendment, which changed the Constitution to prevent the 1800 election problem  from recurring, created the current system of presidents and vice presidents running on the same ticket. The nations fourth presidential election was the first time candidates campaigned, though the campaigning was very subdued by modern standards. The contest was also noteworthy for intensifying political and personal animosity  between two men tragically linked in history, Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr. John Adams When Washington announced that he would not run for a third term, Adams, his vice president, ran and was elected president in 1796. Adams became increasingly unpopular during his four years in office, especially for the passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts, repressive legislation designed to stifle freedom of the press. As the 1800 election approached, Adams was determined to run for a second term, though his chances werent promising. Alexander Hamilton Hamilton had been born on the island of Nevis in the Caribbean Sea. While he was technically eligible to be president under the Constitution, having been a citizen  when it was ratified, he was such a controversial figure that a run for high office never seemed feasible. However, he had played a formidable role in Washingtons administration, serving as the first secretary of the treasury. Over time he came to be an enemy of Adams, though they were both members of the Federalist Party. He had tried to ensure the defeat of Adams in the election of 1796 and hoped to see Adams defeated in his 1800 run. Hamilton didnt hold governmental office in the late 1790s when he was practicing law in New York City. Yet he built a Federalist political machine in New York and could exert considerable influence in political matters. Aaron Burr Burr, a prominent New York political figure, was opposed to the Federalists continuing their rule and also hoped to see Adams denied a second term. A constant rival to Hamilton, Burr had built a political machine centered on Tammany Hall,  which rivaled Hamiltons Federalist organization. For the 1800 election, Burr threw his support behind Jefferson. Burr ran with Jefferson on the same ticket as the vice presidential candidate. Thomas Jefferson Jefferson had served as Washingtons secretary of state and ran a close second to Adams in the election of 1796. As a critic of the Adams presidency, Jefferson was an obvious candidate on the Democratic-Republican ticket to oppose the Federalists. Campaigning in 1800 While it is true that the 1800 election marked the first time that candidates campaigned, the campaigning mostly consisted of writing letters and articles expressing their intentions. Adams did make trips to Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania that were construed as political visits, and Burr, on behalf of the Democratic-Republican ticket, visited towns throughout New England. In that early period, the electors from the states were generally chosen by state legislatures, not by popular vote. In some cases, the elections for state legislatures were essentially substitutes for the presidential election, so any campaigning took place at the local level. Electoral College Tie The tickets in the election were Federalists Adams and Charles C. Pinckney against Democratic-Republicans Jefferson and Burr. The ballots for the electoral college werent counted until Feb. 11, 1801, when it was discovered that the election was a tie. Jefferson and his running mate, Burr, each received 73 electoral votes. Adams received 65 votes and Pinckney received 64. John Jay, who had not even run, received one electoral vote. The original wording of the Constitution, which didnt distinguish between electoral votes for president and vice president, led to the problematic outcome. In the event of a tie in the electoral college, the Constitution dictated that the election would be decided by the House of Representatives. So Jefferson and Burr, who had been running mates, became rivals. The Federalists, who still controlled the lame-duck Congress, threw their support behind Burr in an effort to defeat Jefferson. While Burr publicly expressed his loyalty to Jefferson, he worked to win the election in the House. Hamilton, who detested Burr and considered Jefferson a safer choice for president, wrote letters and used all his influence with the Federalists to thwart Burr. House Decides The election in the House of Representatives began on Feb. 17 in the unfinished Capitol building in Washington, D.C. The voting went on for several days, and after 36 ballots the tie was finally broken. Jefferson was declared the winner and Burr was named the vice president. It is believed that Hamiltons influence weighed heavily on the outcome. Legacy of the Election of 1800 The fractious outcome of the 1800 election led to the passage and ratification of the 12th Amendment, which changed the way the electoral college functioned. Because Jefferson didnt trust Burr, he gave him nothing to do as vice president. Burr and Hamilton continued their epic feud, which finally culminated in their famous duel in Weehawken, New Jersey on July 11, 1804. Burr shot Hamilton, who died the next day. Burr wasnt prosecuted for killing Hamilton, though he later was accused of treason, tried, and acquitted. He lived in exile in Europe for several years before returning to New York. He died in 1836. Jefferson served two terms as president. He and Adams eventually put their differences behind them and wrote a series of friendly letters during the last decade of their lives. They both died on a noteworthy day: July 4, 1826, the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

Mental Health And Social Work - 1135 Words

Mental illness has become one of the most rapidly growing diagnoses to date ranging from clinical depression to Schizophrenia. It has become a worldwide epidemic and has created a shortage of specialized workers. As the shortage of veteran mental health workers declines, the amount of recent college graduates increase. Additionally, as more individuals aim to obtain a Social Work degree many have been reluctant to enter the mental health field due to stigmas and negative attitudes surrounding mental health patients. This has brought up the question of whether or not students within social work department and students not in social work would be comfortable working with individuals who have been diagnosed with a mental illness. In order to successfully answer this question the University of Tennessee conducted a study which included three types of students: those who were actively in social work classes, those who had other majors but were still in Social Work and those who were not in social work classes. This study not only measured the student’s willingness to work with mentally ill individuals but also measured their attitudes regarding the concept of mental health. Purpose The purpose of this study is to find out whether or not students are comfortable working with individuals who have been diagnosed with a mental illness. Moreover, this will also identify each of the group’s perceptions and attitudes s, comfort levels, familiarly and lastly the amount professionalShow MoreRelatedMental Health And Social Work. 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Moral Issues of Paternalism and Truth-Telling free essay sample

The word calls to mind the image of a father who makes decisions for his children rather than letting them make their own decisions, on the grounds that father knows best. The principle of paternalism underlies a wide range of laws, practices, and actions? physician who decides what is best for a patient, a sign prohibiting swimming without a lifeguard on duty, laws against voluntary euthanasia, laws restricting the use of heroine, cocaine, marijuana and other drugs, compulsory retirement savings plans, and mandatory seat belt laws. All designed to protect our interests, whether we like it or not. Paternalism is widely regarded as being restrictive to the liberty and autonomy of individuals, and for this reason it is often opposed. While paternalistic practices are relatively common, are they morally acceptable? Paternalism involves a conflict of two important values: 1) the value we place on the freedom of persons to make their own choices about how they will lead their lives, and 2) the value we place on promoting and protecting the well being of others. We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Issues of Paternalism and Truth-Telling or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When people freely choose to act in ways that seem contrary to their own well being, the question of whether we are justified in interfering with their affairs, the problem of paternalism arises. Although it is not in their nature, paternalistic systems must realize that their goals are best achieved by persuasion rather than force. Harding must realize that it needs to teach students how to reason as independent moral actors, rather than just as obedient rule-followers. The paternalistic rules, by their very existence, undermine the ability of the individual to develop a personal moral compass that can be used as a guide beyond the confines of this institution. I have once read,† . . . he only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrant. He cannot rightfully be compelled to do or forbear because it will be better for him to do so, because it will make him happier, because in the opinion of others, to do so would be wise, or even right. The only part of the conduct of anyone, for which he is amenable to soc iety, is that which concerns others. In the part which merely concerns himself, his independence is of right, absolute, over himself. Over his own body-mind, the individual is sovereign. â€Å" For me, freedom is essential for the development of each persons individuality, the attainment of truth, and the development of new and more enriching lifestyles. It is, therefore, a most fundamental social value. Persons must be left free to make their own choices about how they will lead their lives, even if these choices are considered reckless, stupid, or otherwise bad choices by others. Moreover, the ability to make choices that promote our well-being is a capacity one acquires and improves only through practice. Also, for me, individuals are the best judges of their own interests and so should be left free to pursue them. Truth-Telling The question now is not whether to tell the truth, but how to tell it in a sensitive and supportive manner that does not create unnecessary despair and that, as far as possible, maintains hope But, on the other hand, Truth telling allows the person with the diagnosis to plan for optimal life experiences in remaining years of intact capacities, prepare a durable power of attorney for health care decisions—some may also prepare a living will—to be implemented upon eventual incompetence For me, the right thing to do is to place a great emphasis on informing the patient of the diagnosis, especially when cancer is the diagnosis. So to use the principle of informed consent takes precedence over other ethical values, and patients are usually at least asked whether they want to know the diagnosis.

The Cohesive Organizational Culture and Its Benefits

Executive Summary This essay explains what an organizational culture is and how it impacts an organization. It begins with an introduction of what an organizational culture is and provides an overview of an organizational culture. This is followed by the definition of organizational culture and an explanation of what is a weak and strong culture.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Cohesive Organizational Culture and Its Benefits specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The essay also discusses a cohesive organizational culture and its benefits to an organization. This is followed by the practices which enhance cohesive organizational culture in an organization. The paper further elaborates on the values and practices that are required in BSG and gives an insight of organizational culture, that is, its origin and how it can be maintained. Before the conclusion, the essay describes the changes that are required in BSG an d how they can be implemented and it ends by recommendations on how the changes can be effected which include formation of a committee to review the companies culture. Introduction Purpose of the report Organizational culture is a core principles that integrates an organization together, holds and motivates the employees to enhance their performance and to enable them develop some sense of commitment to the organization. Organizational culture plays several critical roles in bettering the performance and efficiency in an organization. Despite this however, there is no clear way of measuring organizational culture. This essay seeks to explore various types of culture and its utility in an organization. Scope of the report Studies of organizational culture in various organizations have been carried out. Organizational culture has the ability to influence performance and efficiency and it is analyzed in relation to the aspects like innovation and creativity, productivity and quality an d information transfer. The report will analyze all aspects of organizational culture, its origin and its definition. It will also discuss one type of organizational culture and that is strong and weak culture. The report will also discuss organizational culture with respect to a case study which is BSG Company. Culture Definition of Organization Culture Culture has its foundation in anthropology and it is defined as a set of beliefs, morals, law and customs. There are various definitions of organizational culture; it can be understood in the form of organizational work practices, values, assumption and artifacts as well as in the form of norms, values and practices.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Values stand for what the employees believe in, norms represent shared beliefs on how people should behave in an organization and practices are the informal or the formal job rou tines used in finishing tasks in an organization. Organizational culture is anchored in the way that people act in an organization, what they expect form one another and how they make use of each other. Organizational culture has a variety of perspectives: â€Å"process versus results, employee versus job oriented, parochial versus professional and open versus closed system† (Khan, Usoro Majewski 2010, p. 63). Consequently, organizational culture is categorized into four orientations: goals, support, rules, innovation and inventions (Khan, Usoro Majewski 2010, p. 63). Organizational culture is rooted in values and beliefs that are shared by the personnel in an organization. Origin of organizational culture: How is it developed and maintained Organizational culture is derived from the collective rules of the organization. The rules are the shared behaviors, values and norms and they define how individuals operate and relate in an organization. Organizational cultures are der ived from the organization’s vision statement, mission statements and the statement of values which are only formalized to form the organization’s culture. Organizational culture can be actualized through observable set of behaviors like how the employees conduct themselves when they carry out their daily duties (Khan, Usoro Majewski 2010, p. 63). Accessibility of the management by the employees also forms part of organizational culture. To develop and sustain organizational culture, employees should be comfortable with the behaviors and the norms of the organization and the behaviors of the employees should be consistent with the covert values of the organization. Organization managers always set the motion of core values that should be adopted by the organizational members. The beginning of organizational culture starts from the hiring process; at this stage, the managers enhance the organizational culture by recruiting people who share similar values and vision tha t the organization believes in. This is achieved when the employers take time with prospective employees before they are hired. And when they are hired they will take little time to be indoctrinated with the organization’s values and they will develop an objective view of the organization (Widde Muijen, 2000, p. 49).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Cohesive Organizational Culture and Its Benefits specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Organization’s culture can be developed and maintained when managers develop a firm understanding of the dynamics of organizational culture and the ways of transforming it. This can be achieved through managers telling story with corporate symbols and also using symbolic language when mentioning the organization’s mission. They can also sponsor events and mentorship programs. Functions of organization culture The main function of organizational culture is inter nal integration and coordination. Other functions of organizational culture are to provide direction to the organization and to glue the organization together. Various organizations are changing any unfavorable culture in their efforts to boost their performance and competitiveness and their employee attitude and work (Khan, Usoro Majewski, 2010, p. 62). The prominent instrument for measuring organization culture was devised by Robert Cooke and it is referred as Organizational Culture Inventory (OCI); it measures various behavioral norms which include constructive, defensive and offensive cluster among others. Strong and Weak Culture All organizations have cultures; some have stronger and deeply rooted cultures than others. The culture of an organization can be considered as to whether it is strong or weak based on the commonality of the principal values among and within the organizational members and the degree with which the members are committed to these values and the higher th e commonality and commitment, then the stronger the organizational culture since it enhances the consistency of members behavior. A weak culture on the other hand is the one that exposes avenues for each of the members which demonstrates unique concerns and it is witnessed by limited degree of commitment by the organization’s members. Consequently, organizational culture is said to be strong when the employees are quick to respond to the job stimuli due to their association to it; it is said to be weak when there is little association and a limited control is exercised by the managers (Serrat, 2009, p. 1). Inherently, an organization is said to have strong culture when its beliefs, norms, values and assumptions are coherent and can be embraced by all members of the organization which is determined by the degree of consistency of the beliefs, values and assumptions. It is argued that strong culture fosters commitment, identity and solidarity which are critical for the integrat ion in the organization.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Cohesive Organizational Culture Cohesive organizational culture is that kind of culture where the employees have strong sense of team work and also characterized by harmony of values. Achieving a cohesive culture is a difficult task due to diversity of individual values. In a cohesive organizational culture, a common culture exists and cuts across the organization wide and there is a high level of agreement among the members of the organization, as opposed to fragmented culture where there exists many cultural ideal in one organization. Benefits of Strong Cohesive Culture Cohesive organizational culture facilitates the creation of shared goals by all members of the organization. Consequently, it is instrumental for the effective adaptation to the ever-changing global environment (Pisapia, 2009, p.167). For a firm to function effectively it must have a cohesive organizational culture. Cohesiveness leads to strong organizational performance and fitness. Practices needed to Support Coh esive Culture Several practices are required to implement a cohesive culture, these are: the leadership of an organization like BSG should communicate the vision and the strategic plan of the company, there should be clarity and consistency in internal communication, team work should be nurtured and fostered (Lowendahl, 2005, p. 68). Case Study Current Values and Practices required in BSG. It is argued that values typically influence and more so affect work practices. In an organization values can be derived from the already existing practices within the organization, this can include the free sharing of knowledge and information. BSG requires both terminal and instrumental values. Among the values that need to be implemented by BSG are: participation by the management, team work, creativity, rewarding (Khan, 2005, p. 5). The practices that are required by the BSG are better condition of working environment, development of a promotion plan, promotion of team work, developing consist ency of goals, values and norms and better pay for their workers. Changes that should be implemented in BSG BSG Company should develop a positive and an aligned culture that will develop the organization; they should also desist from hiring people who do not share similar values and norms of the organization. The organization should also create a culture that can encourage the employees to focus more attention on their work. The employees should also be allowed to participate in all stages of decision making since every individual or employee has something to contribute (Khan, 2005, p. 5). The work environment should be favorable to allow the employees to enjoy and appreciate the value of their work. This can be achieved through effective communication channels where the employees should be informed of the expectations that the company has for them and this expectations should be backed by the words and deeds of the managers. BSG should promote internal integration. This is due to t he fact that in the BSG there is lack of team work (Khan, 2005, p. 5). Team work is an important component of an organization and is credited with the other bad practices of BSG like low job satisfaction, lack of cohesion, internal communications and limited commitment and decrease in turnover. BSG should ensure that there is consistency of culture with clear goal, strategies, vision and mission. The company must have strategic planning and identification that is important for cultural requisites. Leadership and Motivation in relation to Organizational Culture in BSG Organizational leadership is fundamental in the implementation of the organizational culture. This is because the management or the leadership is entrusted with the responsibility of originating, creating and promoting organizational culture. The strength and influence of organizational culture is credited to the management. The leadership has the role of ensuring that organizational culture is implemented for the curre nt and the future success (Schein, 2010, p. 68). Leadership is considered the creation, management and both destruction and reconstruction of organization’s culture. Leaders create and manage culture. Leadership should also be able to assess whether the culture is performing and when there is need to change. The leadership should initiate a reward scheme to enhance productivity and the performance of the employees (Khan, Rehman, Ijaz-Ur-Rehman, Safwan and Ahmad 2010, p. 952). A reward scheme will motivate the employees of BSG. Relationship between Organizational Culture and Organization Innovation, Performance, Efficiency, Job satisfaction, Organizational commitment and Human Resource Management in BSG Organization culture encompasses the sharing of information and knowledge among all members of the organization and it should be free: â€Å"Innovation is the introduction and the implementation of new ideas that will be of positive benefit to the organization and the organiza tion’s members† (Khan, Usoro Majewski, 2010, p. 65). Innovation is a critical organization culture that is useful in diverse ways like orientation improvement and improvement of performance since employees have to perform well by introducing ideas that can better performance. Innovation is significant in the sense that it enhances openness to criticisms and the sharing of knowledge and information. This support can be in terms of counseling, financial assistance and training. With regards to job satisfaction, coordination which is an important element of organization culture is significant as it can enable its achievement. Job satisfaction can be achieved through team work and when employees are motivated by the management and when they are made to feel part and parcel of organization’s decision making process. Organization culture enhances performance through their support strategy. A good and strong organizational culture enhances employees’ performance through human resources orientation which demonstrates concern for the employees’ trust and the need to attend to employee’s needs and objectives and to support them (Khan, Usoro Majewski, 2010, p. 65). This support has the capacity to increase employees’ turnover from the organizational climate. Organizational Change and Organizational Culture Traditionally, organizational culture was considered a means to enhance internal integration, coordination and facilitating any adaptation to the immediate environment. This original perspective is contrary to the capability of the organization to adapt to change. Since organizational culture is fundamental in organizational rejuvenation, there is need for fresh and new ideas that are required for organizational change. Organizational change also requires a unique and more pronounced perspective of organizational culture. It has been observed that in modern organizations, inevitable changes, diversity in internal workfo rce are key features that require dynamic organizational culture that is friendly (Khan, Usoro Majewski, 2010, p. 65). Change is required in order for the effectiveness and efficiency of the organization to be achieved. A good organizational culture is one that promotes stability and that which provides change and adaptability. Organizational culture is maintained when an organization has strong leadership that is able to promote the organizational culture and who may e in position to change it when if fails to contribute to the success of the organization (Martin, 2002, p. 127). For BSG Company to experience change, the management trainees should be taken through all the values and the practices of the company. The management should re-orient the existing staff and they should restructure the organization’s culture. Other changes that should be implemented are: the unfreezing of the old culture and creating motivation to change (Cameron Quinn, 2011, p. 84), the company sho uld also capitalize on the propitious moments being experienced by the company to rejuvenate themselves by making the target to change first priority. Recommendation on how the Changes should be implemented or managed The changes in BSG should be implemented through formation of a committee that will interview the workers, conduct a survey, and get to hear their grievance and to forward their recommendations to the board. This will enable the board to have an insight of what is affecting the employees. Consequently, the organizational culture needs to be restructured and the employees should be inculcated and reoriented into understanding and associating with the culture (Khan et al., 2010, p. 954). The restructuring of the management system also requires being undertaken since the management appears to be weak to execute and to implement organizational culture. The core values of the organization should also be laid bare since they are instrumental in stimulating development and pr oductivity. Furthermore the company should take the opportunity presented by the hard times to identify, modify and develop relevant form of norms, behaviors and practices. Conclusion Organizational culture, from the discussion is a fundamental feature in every company. It is a critical aspect that can propel an organization into achieving its objectives. Since every organization or a business firm needs to be ahead of its competitors, organizational culture which enhances employees’ satisfaction, motivation and boosts their morale, since organizational culture facilitates the realization of better performance and enhances efficiency, then it is imperative for every company to have a culture that can define its direction and which can hold the organization together. References Cameron, S. K Quinn, E.R. (2011) Diagnosing and changing organizational culture: Based on the competing values framework. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons. Khan et al. (2010) Modeling link between int ernal service quality in human resources management and employees retention: A case of Pakistani privatized and public sector banks. African Journal of Business Management Vol.5 (3), pp. 949-959, [Online] Web. Khan, A. (2005) Matching People with Organizational Culture: Khan organizational culture. [Online] Web. Khan, U, Usoro, A Majewski, V. (2010) An Organisational Culture Model for Comparative Studies: A Conceptual View. International Journal of Global Business, Vol.3, no1, pp.53-82. Lowendahl, B. (2005) Strategic management of professional service, 3rd (ed). New York, NY: Copenhagen Business School Press DK. Martin, J. (2002) Organizational culture: mapping the terrain. New York, NY: SAGE. Pisapia, J. (2009) The Strategic Leader: New Tactics for a Globalizing World. New York, NY: AP. Schein, H. E. (2010) Organizational Culture and Leadership, 4th (ed) New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons. Serrat, O. (2009) A primer on organizational culture. [Online] Web. Widde, D. K Muijen, J. J . (2000) Organizational Culture,  Volume 8, Issue 4 of European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. New York, NY: Psychology Press. This report on The Cohesive Organizational Culture and Its Benefits was written and submitted by user Matthias Hansen to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Ten Thousand Villages

Ten Thousand Villages Development and gift-giving The main goal for a charitable organization is reaching out to many people. Ten Thousand Villages is a non-profit organization that provides funds for procurement of handmade products from different artisans around the world. The non-profit organization established its headquarters in Canada.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Ten Thousand Villages specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The organization provides a market environment for disadvantaged artisans (Kitchen, 3). They buy directly from poor artisans at prices determined fairly by both parties. The organization provides services which include; developing a world fair trade zone, creating income avenues for disadvantaged artisans, improving and sustaining growth, motivation and capacity building, encouraging fair price of homemade products, creating opportunities for honest income, gender equality, providing assistance through fund -raising programs to mention a few (Kitchen, 1). The organization was founded by Edna Ruth Byler.  The website explains its goal and achievements. The organization organizes a non-profit program that adds value to the community. The mission of the organization includes business growth, positive living, value for each product and cultural diversity. Ten Thousand Villages Canada partner’s with artisans to build a lasting relationship through the following ways Sustainability Utilize recycle products to produce different gifts Repack shipment materials Recycle printing materials Encourage ecological preservation Community development Partner with other non-profitable organizations Provide fair trade for the community Equip poor producers with raw materials and information Provide assistance during crisis. The website presents the organizations profile and activities. It displays 5 photos on its home page. Each photo reveals the activities, programs and opportunities of the organization. The first photo says, â€Å"Win a $1000 gift card from Ten Thousand Villages Canada†. The second photo says, â€Å"Thank you, Ten Thousand Villages Canada will donate $4,707.84 to MCCs Typhoon Haiyan response efforts. The website displays its new arrivals, a collection of gifts, recipes and stories. Ten Thousand Villages scout for artisans using community connect programs. They gather handmade products by reaching out to different communities (Kitchen, 2). The products are purchased at fair prices.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, the organization provides basic living needs for a disadvantaged artisan. The organization partners with other non-governmental organizations to redistribute charitable donations. For example, the typhoon Haiyan displayed on its website solicits for funds to support victims. The next page displays an o nline shopping order for the Christmas season. The organization provides free shipment for purchases above one hundred and fifty dollars. The final web page displays a catalogue of homemade cards and boxes for the festive season. Ten Thousand Villages Canada is a non-profit organization with a difference. Their development and gift service improves the lives of disadvantaged producers in Canada and Asia. They revolve round different segments of human activities thus, touching many lives in various ways. The organization has transformed small-scale artisans to big business ventures. The products sold on its website includes handmade gifts, baskets, shopping boxes, homemade toys, imitation of different house furniture, clothing accessories to mention a few. Artisans repack their products using recycled materials, thus cleaning the environment of non-degradable materials. The organization is fulfilling its vision statement through its humanitarian services. Community transformation has reached its peak in areas of its primary assignment. Different government organizations and Christian institutions are emulating from its program in assisting the organization with donations. To serve humanity, we must affect the life of every individual. Kitchen, Jane 2009, Ten Thousand Villages: Gifts Decorative Accessories. Web.

Circus Maximus History and Games

Circus Maximus History and Games The first and biggest circus in Rome, the Circus Maximus was located between the Aventine and Palatine hills. Its shape made it particularly suitable for chariot races, although spectators could also watch other stadium events there or from the surrounding hillsides. Each year in ancient Rome, from the early legendary period, the Circus Maximus became the venue for an important and popular celebration. The Ludi Romani or Ludi Magni (September 5-19) were held to honor Jupiter Optimus Maximus (Jupiter Best and Greatest) whose temple was dedicated, according to tradition, which is always shaky for the early period, on September 13, 509 (Source: Scullard). The games were organized by the curule aediles and were divided into ludi circenses as in circus (e.g., chariot races and gladiatorial combats) and ludi scaenici as in scenic (theatrical performances). The ludi started with a procession to the Circus Maximus. In the procession were young men, some on horseback, charioteers, the almost naked, competing athletes, spear-carrying dancers to flute and lyre players, satyr and Silenoi impersonators, musicians, and incense burners, followed by images of the gods and once-mortal divine heroes, and sacrificial animals. The games included horse-drawn chariot races, foot races, boxing, wrestling, and more. Ludi Romani and the Circus Maximus King Tarquinius Priscus (Tarquin) was the first Etruscan king of Rome. When he took power, he engaged in various political ploys to gain popular favor. Among other actions, he waged a successful war against a neighboring Latin town. In honor of the Roman victory, Tarquin held the first of the Ludi Romani, the Roman Games, consisting of boxing and horse racing. The spot that he selected for the Ludi Romani became the Circus Maximus. The topography of the city of Rome is known for its seven hills (Palatine, Aventine, Capitoline or Capitolium, Quirinal, Viminal, Esquiline, and Caelian). Tarquin laid out the first racetrack circuit in the valley between the Palatine and Aventine Hills. Spectators could view the action by sitting on the hillsides. Later Romans developed another type of stadium (Colosseum) to suit other games they enjoyed. The ovoid shape and seating of the circus were more suited to chariot races than to wild beast and gladiator fights, although the Circus Maximus held both. Stages in the Building of the Circus Maximus King Tarquin laid out an arena known as the Circus Maximus. Down the center was a barrier (spina), with pillars at each end around which charioteers had to maneuver carefully. Julius Caesar enlarged this circus to 1800 feet in length by 350 feet wide. Seats (150,000 in Caesars time) were on terraces over stone arched vaults. A building with stalls and entrances to the seats surrounded the circus. End of the Circus Games The last games were held in the sixth century CE. Factions The drivers of the chariots (aurigae or agitatores) that raced in the circus wore team colors (factions). Originally, the factions were White and Red, but Green and Blue were added during the Empire. Domitian introduced short-lived Purple and Gold factions. By the fourth century CE, the White faction had joined the Green, and the Red had joined the Blue. The factions attracted fanatically loyal supporters. Circus Laps On the flat end of the circus were 12 openings (carceres) through which the chariots passed. Conical pillars (metae) marked the starting line (alba linea). At the opposite end were matching metae. Starting on the right of the spina, the charioteers raced down the course rounded the pillars and returned to the start 7 times (the missus). Circus Hazards Because there were wild beasts in the circus arena, spectators were offered some protection through an iron railing. When Pompey held an elephant fight in the arena, the railing broke. Caesar added a moat (euripus) 10 feet wide and 10 feet deep between the arena and the seats. Nero filled it back in. Fires in the wooden seats was another danger. The charioteers and those behind them were in particular danger when they rounded the metae. Other Circuses The Circus Maximus was the first and largest circus, but it was not the only one. Other circuses included the Circus Flaminius (where the Ludi Plebeii were held) and the Circus of Maxentius. The games became a regular event in 216 BCE in the Circus Flaminius, partly to honor the fallen champion, Flaminius, partly to honor the gods of the Plebes, and to honor all gods due to the dire circumstances of their struggle with Hannibal. The Ludi Plebeii was the first of a whole string of new games beginning in the late second century BCE to gather favor from whatever gods would listen to Romes needs.

Participation and Discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Participation and Discussion Questions - Essay Example The total equaled 663365. The top eBook, Kama Sutra, received a frequency of 6185. The relative frequency for Kama Sutra is 6185 / 663365 or 0.93%. The relative frequency of the top five eBooks combined is 19271 / 663365 or 2.90%. The information given on the website provides data regarding downloads of eBooks, thus the entire demand illustrated on the website is for electronic books. The frequency distribution does not tell us anything directly about the behavior of hard copies of the books. On the hand indirectly the information can be used to create buyer behavior assumptions. The normal distribution is a normal curve in the form of a bell-shaped. The curve is symmetric about its mean. If the data set I choose was plotted in a normal distribution the number of downloads of the different authors would not have results that are unevenly dispersed. There is a difference between the average and the middle point in a list. The average is calculated by adding all the numbers and dividing them by the number of entries. This is not considered the middle number in a list, since the middle number is called a median. A median is the number that is in the middle of the list of the numbers that is arranged sequentially in terms of value. In the example given the mode is the median which is the value of 3.7. A real life example is determining how long it takes for me to complete a work set. In this case the average time would be a more valuable metric than the median time since the middle point among the set is not of as much value as knowing how much it typically takes me to complete a job. In order to find the middle point in a set I would write down all the different times it takes to complete the task. Then I would arrange the number from bottom to top. (ex. 2,6,8, etc.). This would create a list. The number in the middle of the list is the median. In making statistical decisions managers have to take into consideration different variables such as size

Health Care Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Health Care - Research Paper Example Because of this, some hospitals have resulted in using patients’ demographic data. Robertson, J & Pettypiece, S. (2014). Hospitals are mining patients’ credit card data to predict who will get sick. Retrieved from The healthcare sector is made up of different industries including the pharmaceutical industry, hospitals and health insurers. Investors can invest in individual industries or the entire sector. The aim of the report is therefore to analyze investment in these industries. The paper examined whether drug studies which are funded by pharmaceutical companies are manipulated to favor them. According to Lexchin et al., (2003), there is enough reasons to believe that most drug research which are funded by pharmaceutical companies favor them. Most of the companies which carry out the research would not like the pharmaceutical companies to have a bad reputation especially when there are other rug companies which are producing the same medicine as these would lead the financier to make big losses. Study was done on Medline and Embase publications from January, 1966 to December, 2002 and January, 1980 to December, 2002 respectively. The only journal which were included were those which compared the quality of research outcomes of studies sponsored by Pharmaceutical companies and those sponsored by other sources (Lexchin et al., 2003).The authors found 30 articles which met their requirement. The following results were found. Out of the 30 publications, 26 reported the relationship between the source of income and the outcome. While, 6 articles investigated the effects on publication, 5 articles examined the result of the pharma economic studies and finally 13 determined the relationship between the methodological quality and source of

Automobile and Large Mass Essay Example for Free

Automobile and Large Mass Essay There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. So Lewis asked his father: â€Å"Dad, what’s that grey smoke above our cars? † Lewis’ father was a little surprised by the question, but answered: â€Å"Well, Lewis, it’s called pollution. † There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. So Lewis asked his father: â€Å"Dad, what’s that grey smoke above our cars? † Lewis’ father was a little surprised by the question, but answered: â€Å"Well, Lewis, it’s called pollution. † There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. So Lewis asked his father: â€Å"Dad, what’s that grey smoke above our cars? † Lewis’ father was a little surprised by the question, but answered: â€Å"Well, Lewis, it’s called pollution. † There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. So Lewis asked his father: â€Å"Dad, what’s that grey smoke above our cars? † Lewis’ father was a little surprised by the question, but answered: â€Å"Well, Lewis, it’s called pollution. † â€Å"Pollution? What’s pollution? † asked Lewis, waiting intrigued for his father’s answer. â€Å"Well, for example, it’s that grey smoke you can see above our cars. Cars that run on petrol or diesel give off gasses into the atmosphere, which are very bad for all living beings and the planet too. Today you can see a lot of the grey smoke because it hasn’t rained for a long time,† answered his father. There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. So Lewis asked his father: â€Å"Dad, what’s that grey smoke above our cars? † Lewis’ father was a little surprised by the question, but answered: â€Å"Well, Lewis, it’s called pollution. † â€Å"Pollution? What’s pollution? † asked Lewis, waiting intrigued for his father’s answer. â€Å"Well, for example, it’s that grey smoke you can see above our cars. Cars that run on petrol or diesel give off gasses into the atmosphere, which are very bad for all living beings and the planet too. Today you can see a lot of the grey smoke because it hasn’t rained for a long time,† answered his father. There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a There was once a little boy of 6 years old called Lewis. One day, as he was looking out of the car window on his way to school, he discovered that a large mass of grey smoke was forming just above his dad’s car. Somewhat alarmed, Lewis looked at the other cars on the road to find out if they too had a cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. So Lewis asked his father: â€Å"Dad, what’s that grey smoke above our cars? † Lewis’ father was a little surprised by the question, but answered: â€Å"Well, Lewis, it’s called pollution. † â€Å"Pollution? What’s pollution? † asked Lewis, waiting intrigued for his father’s answer. â€Å"Well, for example, it’s that grey smoke you can see above our cars. Cars that run on petrol or diesel give off gasses into the atmosphere, which are very bad for all living beings and the planet too. Today you can see a lot of the grey smoke because it hasn’t rained for a long time,† answered his father. cloud of grey smoke chasing them. To Lewis’ surprise, all the cars travelling on the motorway had the grey smoke hovering around them. So Lewis asked his father: â€Å"Dad, what’s that grey smoke above our cars? † Lewis’ father was a little surprised by the question, but answered: â€Å"Well, Lewis, it’s called pollution. † â€Å"Pollution? What’s pollution? † asked Lewis, waiting intrigued for his father’s answer. â€Å"Well, for example, it’s that grey smoke you can see above our cars. Cars that run on petrol or diesel give off gasses into the atmosphere, which are very bad for all living beings and the planet too. Today you can see a lot of the grey smoke because it hasn’t rained for a long time,† answered his father. d by the question, but answered: â€Å"Well, Lewis, it’s called pollution. † â€Å"Pollution? What’s pollution? † asked Lewis, waiting intrigued for his father’s answer. â€Å"Well, for example, it’s that grey smoke you can see above our cars. Cars that run on petrol or diesel give off gasses into the atmosphere, which are very bad for all living beings and the planet too. Today you can see a lot of the grey smoke because it hasn’t rained for a long time,† answered his father. Lewis spent a while pondering on this, and began to put two and two together. If the grey smoke was bad, and it was all because of cars, then why were there so many cars on the road? â€Å"Dad,† said Lewis slowly, â€Å"If the grey smoke is pollution and is bad for us, why are we going to school in a car? † â€Å"So I can get to work on time, son. The bus or metro would make us late,† answered his father. It was Spring. As soon as the cold weather went, it came back again. The sun seemed ashamed to show his smily face for more than the odd morning. To top it all, loads of people were sick. A spectacular chucking-up bug was going around the school. If anyone looked so much as a bit pasty in class, the teacher would grab an empty litter bin and tell them to hold it close by. Minutes later the school secretary would be calling Little So and So’s mother and telling her to get over quickly and collect her sick child. The bug even got poor Isis, who was NEVER off school. Like everything else about her, Isis’s attendance record was usually perfect – but not this week, because there was no way she could come in. She texted Katie: â€Å"Poor me, I feel so rotten! Chucked up 6 times. Is that a world record? † Katie had so far escaped the bug. She was very careful about washing her hands and not going near anyone who coughed or spluttered. She asked her mother what could be done for Isis, and she suggested an ancient witch’s remedy made from mint leaves and mandrake’s root. ‘Sounds great,’ said Katie, â€Å"Why don’t witches cure everyone? ’

Argument for the Existence of God :: Religion, Theology

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The following paper will provide a sound argument in favor of the existence of God. By demonstrating that an Atheist world cannot account for the preconditions of the laws of logic an Atheist cannot even account for a rational debate concerning the existence of God.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The impossibility of the contrary†, the best and only proof that the nesesary truth of the existence of God is his revelation of himself to us that makes it possible for us to use logic. This could be translated, using only nessesary truths, into the form of:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  L: (laws of logic)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  G: (God exists)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   if L entails G L   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ================   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   G Logic is â€Å"the laws of reasoning that God has established.† If God has established these laws of reasoning that we call logic then how could the Atheist system account for the laws of logic. First they are immaterial and universal, and how could anything immaterial and universal be accounted for in a naturalistic (matter only) universe. Second if God has established these laws of reasoning then there would be no atheism. An Atheist wants to believe in laws of logic which are universal in application, but in order to escape the ultimate implications of this idea ( there is a God who imposes universal standards of reason.), the Atheist will try to maintain that the â€Å"laws of logic† are merely â€Å" conventions† of general agreement amongst them. This is philosophically non- acceptable, if logic were simply a matter of convention, it would be impossible

Media Convergence Worksheet Essay

Questions Answers What is meant by the term media convergence with regard to technology, and how has it affected everyday life? Since I have been going to school I had never heard of the word â€Å"convergence† I first learned about this when I enrolled in my Humanity 176 course. Convergence by definition is the exchange of various digital media such as music, radios, pictures. Convergence used in a technical sense is the exchange and sharing of digital media through computers and other mobile devices. Over the years Media has expanded and excelled across the world to bring the people all sorts of media attention and the ability to be able to converge onto there devices allows an assortment of options such as Internet TV whether it is free or on demand, voice telephone options such as Skype and other simple internet services which include Facebook and Windows Live Messenger. †¦ I believe that our technology has an extreme affect on everyday life, most of us would not know how to function without it, including myself. What is meant by the term media convergence with regard to business, and how has it affected everyday life? Media convergence gives businesses an opportunity to share information regarding any topic within and to others outside of the business like costumers with easy methods. This is really appropriate to meet consumer’s desires for instant and easily practicable and easy to acquire any information from any business. Media convergence regarding to business is used to offer media more professionally or efficiently and in an on demand way. In other words media convergence brings the opportunity to provide information to be acquired when a customer wants to and regarding any topic. Media convergence’s cons embrace less serviceable performance or fewer personnel to reach more people daily. Some elements are acquired from medi a devices or procedures in order to add on stipulate material. Thanks to  today’s technology, people can receive information regarding any services provided by any business or company. Through sources like the internet, customers can browse and purchase products through websites and other business providers. With this technology it makes it very easy for the customers to be able to find many different products for fair prices on what the business needs. Of course, business convergence also deals with far more than buying and selling from a store front. People are also able to set up their business through their own home via the internet. Business goes hand in hand with technology also, as they are able to advertise through television, radio and internet sites with their ads and commercials. Business convergence has become a big source in today’s media, and will continue to grow with technology as they work together to provide people with better and easier ways to conduct business. What are some of the issues that result from depe ndency on modern media? Describe at least three issues. They are things like ethical Issues. We depend on the media to tell us that what we are doing is wrong while we still do what we know is wrong. More and more people who depend on media and need the media is that much closer to being constantly influenced by the media. Our society depends on media and without it we would fall apart. We tend to believe what the media says instead of formulating our own thoughts.With the media the way it is we tend to accept this as part of our lifestyle without question The public also has an insatiable curiosity to know everything, except what the world is really trying to tell us. Another topic of discussion is drugs. Everyday you see ads and commercials and people talking about not doing drugs and we depend on this to teach are kids but in reality we need to learn to teach our kids morals instead of constantly relying on the media.. Commercials that promote alcohol and drinking are abundant on television. While other media shows people doing drugs a nd getting money from the sale of them. The media also tends to butt heads between other countries due to mis-information that was released over the media sites. Terroism comes in all forms when it comes to the internet. Some examples are identity theft, hacking into databases, creation of viruses and other deliberate means to destroy or harm personal objectives are all forms of cyber-terrorism. People seem to have an addiction to technology and cling to it as the world would end without it. Dependency of modern media has taken over and does not allow society to  function thoroughly as it should. The issues it brings with it outweighs the benefits because it’s mostly used in negative ways instead for good. How does media literacy help with responsible media consumption? The literacy of the Media is out there to challenge people with the understanding the representation of the media, with how it influences our culture. Media is out there to give the students the ability to read and write and be more competitive in our media culture. It uses an inquiry-based instructional mold that encourages people to ask questions about what they watch, see and read. Media literacy can also aim to enable people to be skillful creators and producers of media messages, both to facilitate an understanding as to the strengths and limitations of each medium, as well as to create independent media. †¦ By transforming the process of media consumption into an active and critical process, people gain greater awareness of the potential for misrepresentation and manipulation (especially through commercials and public relations techniques), and understand the role of mass media and participatory media in constructing views of reality. †¦ Protectionist approaches to media literacy emphasize the need to be aware of the negative aspects of mass media and popular culture, including the dangers and risks of online social media.

Corporate Social Responsibility & Wal-Mart

An overview of Wal-Mart. In 2005, parts of Louisiana had the worst flooding on record. Thousands of people's lives were in danger and millions of Americans watched in horror as thousands of Americans were lying in the street without the essentials of life, some were clinging to roof tops, and lying in the streets without food, clothing or shelter. Wal-Mart saw the need to step in and help and reach out. † Inspired by its role in helping Katrina victims, Wal-Mart looked at the impact a company its size could have throughout the world on a daily basis if it embraced corporate social responsibility† (CSR). Ferdinand p. 1) Recently, Haiti and Chili were hit with devastating earthquakes. Who is responsible to help? Wal-Mart felt socially responsible to help. Each business is responsible for having a code of conduct and acting in accordance of its economics, commercial and social goals. Ethical standards should be a part of all businesses. The goal is to practice ethical behavi or and always have an intention to being honest, fair and truthful. This is being socially responsible.Social Responsibility is: â€Å"Obligation of an organization's management towards the welfare and interests of the society which provides it the environment and resources to survive and flourish, and which is affected by the organization's actions and policies† (Business dictionary). Walmart has accepted social responsibility as a part of its organization. It has worked very hard in the past several years to show how it is not just responsible for its employees, but it is also socially responsible to help a society that needs its products and services on many levels.Jag will explain the policies and procedures of social responsibility. Wal-Mart's mission statement: â€Å"Saving people money, so they can live better† speaks to the value that Walmart places in corporate social responsibility. Walmart has a philosophy of operating globally while giving back locally. Acc ording to Wal-Mart's corporate website, Walmart provides â€Å"financial and volunteer support to more than 100,000 charitable and community-focused organizations†. The Walmart Foundation was developed to help support large and small organizations with programs that serve on state and national levels.In addition to monetary giving and in-kind donations, Walmart has set responsible sourcing initiatives with its global suppliers to create meaningful and positive change, both environmentally and socially. For example, Walmart is requiring â€Å"all direct import suppliers to source 95 percent of their production from factories that receive one of two highest audit ratings for social and environmental practices. † Furthermore, Walmart uses an approach called â€Å"Sustainability 360† which is a business strategy developed to minimize waste, increase efficiency and find ways to support communities and suppliers that make the business successful.This approach involves redesigning its stores to be more energy efficient and produce lower greenhouse gas emissions, reducing its carbon footprint from its fleet of trucks, reducing plastic bag waste by offering reusable bags, encouraging suppliers to develop more environmentally friendly packaging of products to help reduce waste, and even training its Ethical Sourcing auditors to be tasked with supplier development, or special investigation functions. Furthermore, Walmart carries energy efficient products that are good for the environment, and ultimately help consumers save on energy bills.These products are featured in weekly promotions to help create awareness and educate on energy efficiency. For a company the size of Walmart, the need to be socially responsible is vital is sustaining business. Work Referenced: Business Dictionary. (2010) Social Responsibility. Retrieved December 6, 2010, from http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/social-responsibility. html Ferdinand, A. (2007) Wal-Mart d etermined to lead in Corporate responsibility. Retrieved December 6, 2010, http://www. mccombs. utexas. edu/news/pressreleases/Blackwell07. asp

Investment Analysis And Strategy The WritePass Journal

Investment Analysis And Strategy Introduction Investment Analysis And Strategy Introduction Part APart D  References            Ã‚  Related Introduction Part A of this paper describes the reasons for selecting corporate bonds as opposed to other types of bonds. Part D defines the benchmarks for each portfolio to compare results at the end of the investment period. Part A Investing in bonds is one of the most challenging investment decisions that investors have to make. This is due to the wide variety of bonds that exist on the market in the financial services. This therefore gives the investor not only a wide range of choices but also one of which has many risks. Corporate bonds are good investment areas for financial institutions but also have inherent risks associated with them and the investor must evaluate this first before buying them (Choudhry, 2011, p. 57). In choosing the particular corporate bonds, we were guided by a number of factors. One of them is that the corporate bonds we selected have higher yields within a short time when compared to others like government bonds.   Given the time period that we intend to invest in these bonds, the high risks which are always associated with high yielding bonds can be offset during the short period. We also needed a lump sum and dependable income that is steady and allows us to preserve our princip al investment. All the corporate bonds we selected from financial institutions have higher rating which makes the safety of our investment guaranteed as seen through the likelihood of repayment of our principal investments and the expected annualized interest. Moreover, we chose corporate bonds as opposed to government bonds because of the diversification of sectors, the quality of credit, and the structure of bonds which are almost in tandem with our objectives for investments (Choudhry, 2004, p.33). The diversity of corporate bonds means that we have more options to choose the most dependable bonds that give better repayment of our principal investment of 20 million pounds while allowing us to market the bonds easily at the end of the one year period. Unlike the government bonds which require longer time to market, corporate bonds can be marketed easily because of their small size and the liquidity of corporate bonds in the market (Ramaswamy, 2004, p. 22). Part D A benchmark index is a standard which is used to evaluate the performance of a security performance or investment.   Several benchmark indexes are used in the financial investments including the SP 500, the Russell 2000 Index, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average among many other indexes. Benchmark indexes are important because they help the investor to track the performance of the bonds or stocks on selected markets. The selected benchmark index will assist us in evaluating each of our portfolios on the bond market by allowing us to track the changing values to indicate a stronger or weaker performance and thus enable us to measure our bond portfolios. Because of the variety of industries in which we have bought our bonds, we will have different benchmark indexes used in each of the industry to enable us to discern the broader performance of the market. Our result at the end of the investment period will be evaluated against the benchmark indexes set by the European Central Bank, the UK Central Bank, and the US Federal Bank. Occasionally, bond investors are supposed to choose a market index or a combination of market indexes which act as the portfolio benchmarks and helps in tracking the performance of the bonds in a given market segment (Maginn, Tuttle McLeavey, 2010, p. 36). With our investment, there are different market segments ranging from finance to housing and will help in tracking the returns on a buy-and-hold basis. Moreover, our benchmark indexes does not attempt to determine the most attractive securities so that we are able to compare actively managed performance portfolio among the selected bonds. Several factors may cause each of the portfolios to perform differently from the benchmark in what is known as tracking error. However, the tracking error is always positive and is equal to the annualized standard variance of monthly surplus returns (Fabozzi, Martellini Priaulet, 2006, p. 45). The tracking error will help us to identify investment choices in the future in case we decide to invest in bonds after the period of one year. The benchmark indexes used in our portfolio management have sufficient securities for easier buying. The benchmarks we have selected for each portfolio to present an unambiguous and transparent approach, gives clear weights of securities constituted in the benchmark. It is also considered that the benchmark indexes have securities that can be purchased in the market or reflect the performance of the markets in that sector. We have also considered that the benchmark indexes selected are priced on a daily basis to allow comparison of our performance on a daily basis in the one year maturation period. Moreover, the availability of historical data relates to each of the benchmark index selected for the portfolio is important because it will help us at estimate the returns we anticipate from our investment. We also anticipate that the selected benchmark indexes have a low turnover so that it is not difficult for us to base the allocation of portfolios on the index whose composition changes frequently. More importantly are the frequent updates from the benchmark provider detailing the risk characteristics to enable the comparison of the active and passive benchmark risks facing the investment portfolios (Fabozzi, Martellini Priaulet, 2006, p. 45). In selecting each of the benchmark indexes for the portfolio we have evaluated the volatility tolerance and risks associated with one year investment bonds and thus all the benchmarks have high long-term returns and therefore present absolute returns for a shorter period of one year. We have also considered the liquidity of our portfolios and selected benchmark indexes with short duration while avoiding benchmarks with greater risks even with less liquidity and higher interest rates. The selected benchmarks meet the liquidity profile of our investment and thus serve as essential tools which will be useful during our investment period. Another consideration for selecting each of the benchmark has been the range and diversity of our securities and bonds. The benchmark indexes are wide enough to allow the contribution of the portfolio’s overall performance by actively managing the market forces which are likely to have negative impacts on the interest rates anticipated at the end of the year (Maginn, Tuttle McLeavey, 2010, p. 56).   References            Ã‚   Choudhry, M. (2004).Corporate Bonds and Structured Financial Products. London: Butterworth-Heinemann. Choudhry, M. (2011). Corporate Bond Markets:  Instruments and Applications. Hoboken; John Wiley Sons. Fabozzi, F. J., Martellini, L.    Priaulet, P. (2006), Advanced Bond Portfolio Management:  Best Practices in Modeling and Strategies. Hoboken; John Wiley Sons. Maginn, J. L., Tuttle, D. L. McLeavey, D. W. (2010), Managing Investment Portfolios:  A Dynamic Process. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons Ramaswamy, S. (2004), Managing Credit Risk in Corporate Bond Portfolios:  A Practitioners Guide. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons.

A List of General Expository Essay Topics

A List of General Expository Essay Topics Expository essays discuss topics by using facts rather than opinions, requiring students to evaluate and investigate while setting forth their arguments clearly and concisely. Teachers often include expository essays as part of assessments, especially in college-level courses, so students can help themselves succeed by practicing writing these types of essays. When teachers are  integrating writing throughout the curriculum, students can use expository essays to demonstrate what theyve learned in other courses. Sample Expository Essay Topics From Students Tenth-graders wrote the following general expository essay topics. Students can practice writing these topics or use the list to come up with topics of their own. The important thing to remember is that these expository essays are based on facts rather than the writers beliefs or feelings. Explain why you admire a particular person.Explain why someone you know should be regarded as a leader.Explain why parents are sometimes strict.If you had to be an animal, which would you be and why?Explain why you especially enjoy a particular teacher.Explain why some cities have curfews for teens.Explain why some students are forced to leave school once they are sixteen.Explain how moving from place to place affects teens.Explain why getting a drivers license is an important event in the lives of many teenagers.Describe the major stressors in teens lives.Explain why you like or dont like working in a team.Describe some nonmaterial things that make you happy.Explain why some teens commit suicide.Explain how music affects your life.Explain the impact of different music genres on society.Explain why students listen to a particular type of music.Explain why some teens skip school.Explain the likely consequences of skipping school.Describe the likely consequences of doing poorly in scho ol. Explain why teens do drugs.Describe the likely consequences of selling drugs.Describe the likely consequences of taking drugs.Explain why teens smoke cigarettes.Explain the likely consequences of being kicked out of school.Explain the likely consequences of skipping classes.Explain the likely consequences of brothers and sisters constantly fighting.Explain why teens wear makeup.Explain the consequences of having alcohol on the school campus.Explain the likely consequences of being sexually active without using protection.Explain why some teens parents do not like to be alone with their childs boyfriend or girlfriend.Explain the likely consequences of increasing the time between classes from five to 15 minutes.Explain why some teens join gangs.Explain the difficulties some teens have once they are in gangs.Explain how life for a teenager changes once she has a baby.Describe what you feel a boy should do if he finds out his girlfriend is pregnant.Explain why you should or should not la ugh at embarrassing moments. Describe the effects of marijuana.Explain the likely consequences of teens becoming sexually active.Explain why it is helpful to organize your materials and activities.Explain why your schoolwork is important.Describe the ways you help out at home.Explain the likely consequences of abolishing capital punishment.Explain the consequences of adopting a pass/fail grading system.Explain the likely consequences of enforcing an 11:00 p.m. curfew.Explain the likely consequences of ending forced busing.Explain why some teenagers dislike saying the pledge to the flag.Explain why some schools dont have open lunch policies.Explain why most teenagers are materialistic.Explain why some teens get jobs.Explain the consequences of having a job while in high school.Explain the likely consequences of dropping out of school.Describe some productive ways students can spend their leisure time.Explain why dealing with their parents divorce can be difficult for many teens.Explain why teens love their parent s even when family situations are difficult. Describe the things that bring you the greatest happiness.Describe three things you would like to change the world and explain why you would change them.Explain why you prefer living in an apartment (or house).Describe the likely consequences of requiring a childbearing license.Describe three objects that symbolize our culture and explain why you selected them.Explain why you are interested in a particular career.Explain the likely consequences of requiring students to wear school uniforms.

The Relationship between Portrays of Abraham and Portrayals of God in Assignment

The Relationship between Portrays of Abraham and Portrayals of God in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam - Assignment Example There are three Abrahams with one covenant; this is because all the three religions view Abraham from a different perspective but the covenant in all the three religions is between God Almighty and Abraham. Christians view Abraham in terms of his faith and obedience in God, to Christians Abraham had a lot of faith and obedience in God and hence the making of the covenant. This is evident in Genesis 12:1-20 where God commands Abraham to leave his country and move to an unknown destination. The birth of Isaac shows that God keeps his promises to the righteous, faithful and those that obey him. Since Abraham was righteous even before he was circumcised, both the Jews and the Gentiles can become his descendants only when they have faith in the almighty God The Christians believe these to be the pillars that hold their religion together. Faithfulness and obedience are also evident when Abraham reaches sachem, where Yahweh pledged to Abraham that he would give Abrahams descendants that land, faithfully Abraham responded by building an altar. The Christians hold on to the faith that to both the Jews and the gentile Abraham is the â€Å"father of all those that are faithful. According to Christians believe Abraham rested has a special status in the world of the dead, Luke 23; 43 states that when the righteous die they rest in Abrahams bosom, a place believed to be paradise. Abraham being the ideal patriarch them bosom means paradise. The believers in the Christian religion believe that they should follow into Abraham’s footstep as his colossus faith and obedience in God showed them how to embrace Gods word with a universalism spirit and how to live well before God. The Muslim refers to him as Ibrahim, a man they believe to be the progenitor of Israel.  Ã‚  

Emotions in Romantic Relationships Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Emotions in Romantic Relationships - Article Example The abstract written for this article is very comprehensive and provide a good idea about the article in a brief. Literature review in an article helps in understanding the strength of the work carried out in the current research and the level of expertise of the authors. Literature review also helps in refreshing and updating the knowledge of the readers on the topic in debate. While presenting any work carried out on the topic by the time researcher presents his/her research work should be unbiased. The authors should bring in the account all the positive and negative; supporting and opposing pieces of evidence. The writers have tried very hard to address important aspects of literature view. In this regard, the authors address all the related issues in sizable volume with greater understanding. They have discussed various attachment strategies at almost all levels and provided the existing evidence which analyzed these strategies from all aspects. The have discussed positive and negative partner behaviors as well as longitudinal developmental perspective to support their rationale. Under the current study section, the subjects is so much elaborated that the authors included some of the items which should come under methodology sections, like: measurement approach, and measurement at various age levels, placed under this section. In the methodology section, a detailed account is provided regarding the who... stage, why these proportions of ethnic representation enrolled, were there any inclusion criteria If some participants were removed, were there any exclusion criteria These criteria are very important for selecting the participants without any bias. In this section, the authors provided some of the findings of the current study: in strict sense these should go to the result section as these findings belong to the same study. Otherwise, in a very comprehensive way, the authors describe methodology. They focus all the outcome variables. Various emotional variables at different age levels have been described. In fact, they have tried their best to include all the important areas on which data were collected and analyses carried out. Literature review also moves the debate in the direction developing a well-built rationale for the research work which he / she wants to present. Researchers have addressed the issue of building a strong rationale very well. Next to rational, objectives of any research activity play an integral role. In fact, objectives are the sole reason for conducting any research work. At times objectives are developed by the researcher but their presentation may not be appropriate. A good objective should be a SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound) one (http://www.thepracticeofleadership.net/2006/03/11/setting-smart-objectives/). The authors of this article have not been able to describe the objectives properly and clearly. A single sentence with very hard and heavy language has been inserted in the section on introduction; rather it should have been presented visibly with simple and understandable language. Data management is a group of activities conducted right from the time of the data collection

High school's english programe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

High school's english programe - Essay Example As part of my high school syllabus, I studied English language and developed sound command over my reading, writing and verbal skills. However, today when I critically evaluate the effectiveness of the offered program, I strongly feel that the program lacked certain aspects which could have helped me in my later life. Assessment of program The program’s primary focus was on improving communication capabilities and reading and writing skills of students. The courses were mandatory and were offered in a single level with no optional variants for foreign students. As a result, it became a cause of stress for pupils and many students found it to be burdensome. I, being a foreign student, was also part of this group that found the course to be difficult. It is vital that students must like what they study and teachers must ensure to develop their interest in the subjects instead of forcing them to study for it. They must be given personal choices to select which subjects they find most interesting to study as part of high school program. English language is a diversified course and requires keenness and concentration of students in order to maximize learning. Lack of interest in the subject led many students to achieve bad grades and lose respect for it. Teachers and mentors should not have sole right to define what is significant for literacy of students; instead, electives must be offered and students can attend orientation sessions to decide whether they feel the need to choose the course. Moreover, mentors must provide fair guidance to students to assist them in comprehending how different choices will affect their development plans and which course shall suit them the best. Another shortcoming in this program pertained to the teaching styles of faculty members belonging to this discipline. They emphasized greatly on improving writing skills of students, which worked out effectively for many of them in classroom sessions and group activities. However, som e students faced obstacles when they were asked to write on own self. When writing tasks were given for homework, teachers expected the students to magically produce a perfect paper within tentative deadline. Ideally, teachers should conduct reading sessions in class while elaborating on context and meaning of text comprehensively. Additionally, there should be role-play acts and similar interactional activities based on content of English syllabus and textbooks. This would help students develop a structural understanding of the big picture, build images in mind and make connections and networks between different texts to fill the gaps. Despite of large sizes of batches, teachers ensured to pay individual attention to students who were weaker and needed more efforts from mentors. Monitoring was rigorous and strict and teachers were able to identify intellect of each student, tailoring teaching methods accordingly. However, cultural aspects were largely neglected by staff members. Th e school was one of the best institutes in the country and thus various students came in from different backgrounds, races and cultures. English language also represents a cultural study and is comprehended distinctly by different classes of students. There were no indications in the existing curriculum regarding the need for cultural diversity. As a result, students moved at different paces in studies with foreign students lagging behind.

Point of View Essay Example for Free

Point of View Essay The speaker of the story, who speaks as a first-person narrator, is not named. We may conclude that he has had a good deal of experience with small boats, and with the language of sailors. His concentration shifts in the course of the story. At first, he seems to be aware of all four men on the boat, collectively, and he makes observations that permit us to understand the ideas and responses of the men, who are linked in a virtual â€Å"brotherhood† because of their having been stranded on a tiny boat amid the high waves that are menacing their existence (paragraph 9). At about paragraph 49, however, the speaker shifts his concentration primarily to the correspondent, while he describes the other men more dramatically. Might we assume that at this point, Crane is merging the speaker of the story with his own voice, as nearly as we can determine it? Throughout, the speaker introduces some of his own ideas, and also, at times, speaks ironically. This accounts for some of the more humorous expressions in the story. Thus, the speaker comments wryly that the men, while rushing from the sinking ship to save themselves, â€Å"had forgotten to eat heartily† and therefore were now being weakened with hunger (paragraph 49). The speaker is in control of the tone of his descriptions, as when he points out that the human back, to a rower, is subject to innumerable and painful kinks and knots (paragraph 82). The speaker is also observant and philosophical, as when he comments that the four men at sea need to turn their heads to contemplate the â€Å"lonely and indifferent shore† (paragraph 206). The story’s final sentence, about the fact that the three surviving men can be â€Å"interpreters,† is suggestive of a good deal of thought and observation that could lead beyond the content of the story. Though the point of view is third-person limited-omniscient, Cranes merging of his thoughts with the narrators would not be as effective, not as dramatic, or objective, for it is this third-person distance that Crane feels would be most suitable for his idea that men are insignificant compared to the forces of nature, or nature itself. The point is driven home well with his particular point of view: another or different point of view would cloud his message and obscure his central theme: a different point of view would be too emotional, too fraught with survivability. The white heron is told from a third-person omniscient point-of-view, one that is aware of both Sylvia’s hopes and aspirations, and the hardships that she will encounter as she strives to achieve them. The constancy of the tree is noted from the very beginning with Sylvia’s recognition that â€Å"[in the] dark boughs [of the tree] he wind always, stirred, no matter how hot and still the air might be below † It is from this stillness that Sylvia begins her journey â€Å"with tingling eager blood† and apprehension of the point at which she must make â€Å"the dangerous pass from one tree to the other, [when] the great enterprise would really begin. † This image of making the transition from a smaller tree to a larger m ore dangerous one is a symbol of Sylvia leaving the realm of her early childhood to begin facing the challenges of becoming an adult. At first, â€Å"Sylvia felt her way uneasily,† but as she crosses trees and feels the support of the old pine, she becomes â€Å"his new dependent. † The pine is likened to â€Å"a great main mast to voyaging earth,† a simile which is followed by the author’s personification of the way in which it â€Å"h [olds] away the winds† to protect the â€Å"solitary gray-eyed child† just as a father would do. The narrative pace of the passage varies from being restrained and held back as Sylvia prepares for her adventure, to increasing in speed slightly once she changes trees, to finally reaching a climax once she reaches the top. It is this fast progression from her climbing and feelings of support from the tree to this climactic awakening that aids in communicating the true extent of Sylvia’s growth. The â€Å"spark of human spirit† that the tree’s â€Å"ponderous frame† helps to lift to the top quickly easily becomes â€Å"a pale star,† trembling and tired, but wholly triumphant. † Bierce tells An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge in three parts. Part I is in objective third-person point of view except for the last three paragraphs. In objective third-person narration, the storyteller observes events but cannot enter the mind of any character and disclose his or her thoughts. In the last three paragraphs of the Part I, the narration shifts to omniscient (all-knowing) third-person point of view in relation to Peyton Farquhar. This shift enables Bierce to take the reader inside Farquhars mind to demonstrate how emotional upheaval alters not only the way the mind interprets reality but also the way it perceives the passage of time. First, Farquhar mistakes the ticking of his watch for the tolling of a bell or the ring of an anvil struck by a hammer. Then, after Farquhar drops from the bridge at the moment of execution, he perceives a single second as lasting hours.