The Critical Race Theory free essay sample

Cornell West writes that â€Å"critical race theory compels us to confront critically the most explosive issue in American civilization: the historical centrality and complicity of law in upholding white supremacy. This theory tries to dig deep into the more subtle forms of unconscious or conscious racism. It took off after many began to see the efforts of the civil rights movement stall. Many also thought that the progress that was made during the civil rights era was being decreased, so a few early writers converged to fight these passive forms of racism. Not only did the CRT stem from civil rights but it also constructed a lot of itself off the insight of critical legal studies and radical feminism. This movement put critical thinking to its best by adopting the idea of indeterminacy, meaning, one interprets one fact differently from another gaining a different outcome. This theory is one that causes major controversy, because some believe that it is a way that black leadership in this country has pardoned black people of responsibility, arguing that race, not truth, is the paramount factor in areas such as criminal justice, education and politics. We will write a custom essay sample on The Critical Race Theory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While this may be true to a certain extent I still believe that race does play a part in those aspects. Also, another reason why it has caused controversy is because, this theory states that we are unable to make rational choices because of past experiences in our life. For example, if a black child was abused by white children while growing up, they will unconsciously harbor negative emotions toward white people whether they want to or not. An idea of the CRT is one of white privilege. An example of this is one in which a white woman goes into a grocery store and forgets her check book and the cashier allows her to take her groceries upon the agreement that she bring the check back later, while on the other hand a black man wouldn’t have that privilege. White privilege, like any social phenomenon, is complex. In a white supremacist culture, all white people have privilege, whether or not they are overtly racist themselves. There are general patterns, but such privilege plays out differently depending on context and other aspects of ones identity (male or female). I think whites are taught not to recognize white privilege just as males are taught not to recognize male privilege. In the world we live in there will always be an overcast of white supremacy in my opinion. This is until, as a country starting from the top of the pole all the way down to the bottom, we change our mindset and I can’t see that happening anytime soon. CRITICAL RACE THEORY Joseph Bryant Pols 410

The Great Person Theory Is it a Valid Interpretation of History

Introduction The great person theory explains how great people shaped the history of the world. The noble abilities of the great persons had decisive impact on the course of the history. On this theory, Thomas Carlyle asserts that, â€Å"the history of the world is but the bibliography of great men.†1 The great persons in the history contributed to the current course of the history because without them, there would be no decisive historical impacts on the current society.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Great Person Theory: Is it a Valid Interpretation of History? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thomas Carlyle studied historical heroes and he realized that their heroic activities influenced greatly the course of the history, so he believes that by exploring their lives and activities will help the current society to shape its own future. The modern society regards and rewards the great heroes bec ause their heroism not only affects their lives, but also the society, thus shaping the history. This supports the great person theory that the course of history is due to the influence of great persons. The great Roman and Greek heroes had significance influence on course of the history for they shaped various aspects of life such as political, scientific, religious, and economic aspects amongst others. Thomas Carlyle argues that, â€Å"†¦all things that we see standing accomplished in the world are properly the outer material result, the practical realization and embodiment of thoughts, that dwelt in the great man sent into this world.†2 He emphasizes that every outstanding accomplishment in the current society originated from the thoughts of the great persons and he refers to these great persons as leaders, modelers, and even creators of the history and the future. This paper explores how the great Roman and Greek heroes: Themistocles, Caesar, Pericles, and Nero shap ed the course of history in their respective empires in validation the great person theory. Themistocles In validation of the great person theory, Themistocles was a great man who shaped the history of Greece. His birth was controversial because many thought he was an illegitimate child. In his childhood, he had great influence because â€Å"he persuaded several of the young men of high birth to accompany him to anoint and exercise themselves together at Cynosarges, an ingenious device for destroying distinction between the noble and the base-born.†3 Since Themistocles was a base-born, he wanted to make his birth legitimate by anointing and exercising at the Cynosarges. His friends admired the heroic abilities he had already demonstrated in his childhood because he was strong, inspiring, and very ambitious in shaping the history of Greece. The potential and abilities of a great man appeared in his childhood, a harbinger of a hero who will shape the course of the history. Ari stides, who was a great rival of Themistocles, harbored a lot of hatred when he saw â€Å"him stirring up the people to all kinds of enterprises, and introducing various innovations.†4 He had unique abilities for he spent most of his time alone because he did not want interferences from his companions. In the course of his life to shape the history of Greece, he studied natural philosophy and entered into politics.Advertising Looking for term paper on ancient history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Themistocles plunged into the political affairs of Greece making tremendous reformation that had marked political shift. As he pursued his dream, his father and mother disowned him because he joined politics; nevertheless, this did not deter his passion to become a politician. â€Å"It is evident that his mind was early imbued with the keenest interest in the public affairs, and the most passionate ambition for distinction. †5 His passion to attain the highest political position stirred a lot of criticism and hatred from the powerful political figures in the city of Athens yet he continued to increase in popularity and influence. His great political actions and innovations surprised his political opponents particularly the Aristides. â€Å"Gradually growing to be great, and winning the favor of the people, he at last gained the day with his faction over that of Aristides, and procured his banishment by ostracism.†6 The great hero was now in decisive stage to determine the history of Greece as powers was upon his hands to exercise them to the fullest. Since the trophy of Miltiades disturbed him so much when he was young, his determination was to ensure that the Greece win the imminent battles. Many of his friends thought that, the battle of Marathon would not last, but on contrary, he â€Å"thought that it was but the beginning for far greater conflicts, and for these, to the benefit of al l Greece, he kept to himself in continual readiness, and his city also in proper training, foreseeing from far what would happen.†7 In his first political influence, he managed to persuade the Athenians to stop sharing revenue but use them in building war ships. Themistocles wanted to use the war ships in repelling hostile neighbors like Persians who have dominated the sea and enhance the power of Greece in commanding the sea. The impending war between the Greece and the Persians prompted him to use his political powers in influencing military logistics. Themistocles becomes a political hero for he managed to influence political history of Greece. The greatest achievement of Themistocles is the military legacy he left for Greece. When the Persia threatened Greece to submit to her power, â€Å"the Athenians were in consultation of who should be general, and many withdrew themselves of their own accord, being terrified with the greatness of the danger.†8Advertising W e will write a custom term paper sample on The Great Person Theory: Is it a Valid Interpretation of History? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Due to the threatening circumstance, Themistocles did not trust the command of Epicydes for the imminent danger required a general with courage who would fight tactfully and tirelessly. With his heroic ability, he took over as a commander of Athenian forces when he killed Persian interpreter and â€Å"he immediately endeavored to persuade the citizens to leave the city, and to embark upon their galleys, and meet with the Persians at a great distance from Greece.†9 The Athenian citizens and forces followed Themistocles’ commands and gathered themselves at the sea in preparation for the war. He commanded the Athenian forces proving that â€Å"he was the chief means of the deliverance of Greece, and gained the Athenians the glory of alike surpassing their enemies in valor, and their confederates in wisdom.†10 By commanding the Athenian forces to achieve victory against the Persia, he shaped the military history of the Greece. Themistocles was distressed when he saw the Persian armies growing stronger. â€Å"He proposed a decree that those who were banished for a time might return again, to give assistance by word and deed to the cause of Greece with the rest of their fellow-citizens.†11 He did this when he realized that ostracized Aristides played an important role in the Athenian military. Knowing the threats and the interests of king Xerxes, he decided to use tactics in directing the Persian armies to the strategic fighting ground, Salamis. He sent a Persian captive, Sucinnus to tell king Xerxes that, â€Å"the Greeks were ready to make their escape, and that he counseled him to hinder their flight, to set upon them while they were in this confusion and at a distance from their land army.†12 Themistocles won the battle of Salamis by using psychological tactics to deceive king Xerxes. Therefore, Themistocles left political and military legacy to the country of Greece thus shaping the history as a great man. Caesar The bibliography of Caesar depicts the history of Rome for her was a great hero who shaped the history of Rome. He grew up under the dictatorship of Sylla who was the master of Rome. He was among the prisoners who were ready for execution, but he fortunately survived when Sylla overlooked because â€Å"so many were to be put to death, and there was so much to do.†13 Even in the face of death, he did not keep quiet for he actively campaigned to become a priest. During his youth, he displayed the courage of a great man who would shape the history of Rome. After his release, he went into exile where he learned military skills. â€Å"The first proof he had of the people’s good will to him was when he received by their suffrages a tribune-ship in the army, and came out on the list with a higher pla ce than Caius Popilius.†14 When Caesar came back from exile, he revived Marius faction in order to fight Sylla faction, which was in the government. In fighting the government, Caesar displayed a lot of courage given that his life was in the hands of Sylla. To do this, â€Å"he ordered images of Marius and figures of Victory, with trophies in their hands, to be carried privately in the night and placed in the capitol.†15 His courage to attack Sylla openly attracted many people and increased tension between Sylla and Marius factions making him achieve his objective. His followers were very happy demonstrating in the streets extolling him as a great man.Advertising Looking for term paper on ancient history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From then Caesar dared to face Sylla and began his campaign for their Marius’s party. Caesar demonstrated his greatness when he campaigned to become a priest because his opponents were men of great influence in the senate while he was just an ordinary man. With determination, he predicted his priesthood when he told his mother, â€Å"to-day you will see me either high priest or an exile.†16 Caesar became a hero and made history when he attained priesthood amidst intense opposition. Caesar went to Spain and discovered that he had great potential in military and drew his political strategies of becoming the first man in Rome. He depicted his determination by saying that, â€Å"I have not just cause to weep, when I consider that Alexander at my age had conquered so many nations, and I have all this time done nothing that is memorable.†17 He was a great man who wanted to shape the history Rome. With the help of his two friends, Pompey and Crassus, Caesar managed to attain consulship, the highest office in Rome. In his consulship office, he formulated bills concerning division of land and plantation of colonies in order to assist the poor. In consulship, he left the legacy of enacting laws to assist the poor hence shaping the Roman society. When his term of consulship expired, Caesar was still strong and determined to shape the history of Rome. This time he vied for a position of a governor of Gaul with military intention of subduing neighboring states. â€Å"His first war in Gaul was against the Helvetians and Tigurini, who having burnt their own towns, twelve in number, and four hundred villages, would have marched forward through that part of Gaul.†18 He obtained the military skills from Spain and in Rhodes in exile. Caesar wanted the armies to ensure that he enlarged Gaul territory and he fought passionately saying that, â€Å"when I have won the battle, I will use my horse for the chase, but at present let us go against the enemy. †19 He portrayed his heroic passion for war by invading neighboring states in a bid to expand his territory. Caesar continued to expand his territory, skillfully protecting it from the threat of invasion by any nation. The prophecies of the Germans annoyed Caesar as they were waiting for the new moon to appear so that they can attack the Romans. â€Å"Caesar having had intimation of this, and seeing the Germans lie still, thought it expedient to attack them whilst they were under these apprehensions, rather than sit still and wait their time.†20 Then, he launched his second conquest and destroyed the German armies slaying thousands of them along the Rhine. Caesar military prowess had marked historical influence and shaped subsequent military systems of Rome. The Nervii who were the most powerful tribe of Celtic Belgae threatened to attack Roman armies. Caesar did not hesitate, â€Å"he led his army against the Nervii, the fiercest and most warlike people of all in thos e parts.†21 Despite their preparedness, the Roman armies attacked and conquered them. â€Å"Pompey never observed how Caesar was using the arms of Rome in effecting his conquests, and gaining over and securing to himself the favor of the Romans with the wealth which those conquests obtained him.†22 Pompey criticized Caesar for misusing the Roman military forces in pursuing his selfish interests and demanded that he disband his private armies for his term as the governor of Gaul was ending. Pompey and Caesar interests in the military resulted into civil war where their armies fought but eventually, Caesar exiled Pompey and destroyed his armies. Caesar became the great military commander who shaped the military history of Rome. Caesar left both political and military legacy to the Roman society. His greatest achievements revolve mostly around military conquests for he commanded his armies in conquering numerous battles. The military conquests of Germans, Pompey, Nervii, a nd the battle of Alesia shaped the military history and the future of the Roman society. Caesar is a hero who fought many battle and won as many, because he was courageous and full of potential. Basing on his historical achievements in shaping the course of the Rome military and political progress, Romans owe him a lot. The experiences of the Caesar support the great person theory that the history of Rome is just but a bibliography of one great person viz. Caesar. Pericles In support of the great person theory, Pericles made significant contribution to the course of Greek history. He was a Greek hero who had a noble birth since he was born in the family, which had a lot of influence in Athens. He became a noble man with a noble character. The Athenians poets praised and â€Å"furnished him most especially with a weight and grandeur of sense, superior to all arts of popularity, and in general gave him his elevation and sublimity of purpose and of character.†23 Many of his cont emporaries admired him as he had extraordinary esteem and unique character. Pericles was a powerful orator who appealed to many people as they described his abilities in language as â€Å"composure of countenance, and a serenity and calmness in all his movements, which no occurrence whilst he was speaking could disturb a sustained and even tone of voice, which produced the greatest effect on his hearers.†24 His oratory skills earned him great fame in the Athenian society hence had more influence as compared to his opponents. With his fame, he entered into political realm where he met great heroes like Themistocles and Cimon for he also wanted to shape the history of Athens. New and young to be in the political realm, Pericles was determined to be another great hero like Themistocles and Cimon. In the city of Athens, there were two political factions, Thucydides and Pericles. Pericles and his faction struggled to gain supremacy and eventually, â€Å"Thucydides was overpowered , and the whole affairs of the state and government came into the hands of Pericles.†25 Then, Pericles gained a foothold to wield his political influence against Cimon. His ascension into power elicited mixed reactions among the citizens, as they perceived him as a tyrant due his facial appearance and background influence of great people. Taking an advantage of the death of Aristides and absence of Cimon due to foreign expeditions, â€Å"Pericles, seeing things in this posture, now advanced and took his side, not with the rich and few, but with the many and poor, contrary to his natural bent, which was far from democracy.†26 Pericles utilized this opportunity to launch his political strategies against Cimon. Pericles unleashed his deadly attack to Cimon by breaking down the council of Areopagus, which was the strong hold of Cimon. Therefore, â€Å"Pericles, having secured his power in interest with the populace, directed the exertions of his party against this council with such success.†27 He managed to weaken Cimon and banish him together with his friends after accusing them as traitors for he perceived they had conspired against him with the enemies. By banishing Cimon for ten years, he received criticisms that his rule was â€Å"an aristocratically government, that went by the name of a democracy, but was, indeed, the supremacy of a single great man, while many others say, on the contrar.†28 The death of Ephialtes increased the freedom of Pericles to exercise his power in shaping the history of Athens until his death, even though they accused him of dictatorship that deteriorated Athenian democracy. Pericles did not only influence the political realm, but also influenced the military history of Athens. Pericles was annoyed and threatened his enemies saying that, â€Å"Greece cannot but resent it as an insufferable affront, and consider her to be tyrannized over openly, when she sees the treasure, which was contributed by her upon a necessity for the war.†29 Pericles prepared to wage war with the barbarians and he â€Å"informed the people, that they were in no way obliged to give any account of those moneys to their allies, so long as they maintained their defense, and kept off the barbarians from attacking them.†30 He employed defensive strategy to exhaust and weaken barbarians’ military strength and resources so that he can successfully defeat them. Pericles enhanced the Athenian military power when he issued a decree summoning Greeks from various parts of the world to, â€Å"send their deputies to Athens to a general assembly, or convention, there to consult and advice concerning the Greek temples which the barbarians had burnt down.†31 The general assembly discussed issues concerning the security and military capacity of the Athens to protect her citizens, safety navigation of the sea and security of her trade. After the deliberations of the national assembly, Pericles â€Å" turned his forces against the revolters and passing over into the island of Euboea with fifty sail of ships and five thousand men in arms, he reduced their cities, and drove out the citizens of the Chalcidians.†32 In the war, he displayed the mighty armies of Athens under his heroic command. The greatest military achievement of Pericles happened when he fought the battle of Peloponnesian. Here he used his defensive tactics; for instance, during the war he â€Å"was not at all moved by any attacks, but took all patiently, and submitted in silence to the disgrace they threw upon him and the ill-will they bore him; and, sending out a fleet of a hundred galleys to Peloponnesus.†33 He participated in this war and become a hero as he â€Å"stayed behind, that he might watch at home and keep the city under his own control, till the Peloponnesians broke up their camp and were gone.†34 Therefore, Pericles became a military hero who ruled and commanded Athenian armies in shaping the history of Athens. Nero Nero validates the great person theory since he shaped the course of the Roman Empire history. He was a Roman emperor who ruled the expansive Roman Empire with great influence. His genealogy shows that he was born in a family with good reputation and influence, but he â€Å"degenerated from the good qualities of his ancestors, he yet reproduced the vices of each of them, as if transmitted to him by natural inheritance.†35 Nero is famous due to his negative influence in the course of Roman Empire history. He grew up and became exceedingly rich because â€Å"he did not only recover his father’s property, but he also enriched himself by an inheritance from his stepfather, Passienus Crispus.†36 With his richness, he joined into politics of the Roman Empire since he had a background of royal family. The death of his uncle, Emperor Claudius heralded his ascension into powers at the age of seventeen years. â€Å"Hailed emperor on th e steps of the Palace, he was carried in a litter to the Praetorian camp, and after a brief address to the soldiers was taken from there to the Curia.†37 Nero became hero for he achieved to be an emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of seventeen, making history because he become the youngest emperor ever to have ruled an empire. â€Å"To make his good intentions still more evident, he declared that he would rule according to the principles of Augustus, and he let slip no opportunity for acts of generosity and mercy, or even for displaying his affability.†38 He ruled four consulships and delegated administrative responsibilities to the senate according to his orders, which shaped the Roman Empire administration policy. In his administration he did not allow his advisers to influence his decision through discussion, so he â€Å"had each of them give his opinion in written form; these he read silently and in private and then gave a verdict according to his own inclinati on, as if it were the view of the majority.†39 Julius Vindex, the governor of Gaul revolted against the leadership of Nero and refused to pay taxes. â€Å"At last he was driven by numerous insulting edicts of Vindex, to urge the Senate in a letter to avenge him and the state, alleging a throat trouble as his excuse for not appearing in person.†40 Britain and Armenia formed allies against Nero and when he realized that there were impending misfortunes, he planned â€Å"to depose and assassinate the commanders of the armies and the governors of the provinces, on the ground that they were all united in a conspiracy against him.†41 Nero was a cruel and horrific leader who did not even trust his allies. Nero lost sight in his leadership and resorted to the desperate measures of assassinating his allies making a history of a bad commander. He also lost his morals because he killed his uncle, Emperor Claudius in order to attain power, killed his mother because of his im morality, and even married his stepsister. Therefore, the negative and dark history of the Roman Empire is a bibliography of Nero. Conclusion The great person theory is a valid interpretation of history since history is the cumulative achievements of great people who made exceptional contribution to the world. The great persons used their talents, knowledge, abilities, and wisdom to shape the course of history of their states, nations, empires and even the whole world. The achievements of the great persons shaped the course of history during their time because their actions had direct influence in the society. Now the course of history depends on their achievements as models and lessons for generations to come. The great men and heroes of the history who shaped the Greek and Roman Empires proved the great persons theory that, history is indeed the bibliography of great men. The bibliography of the great men of the Greek empire, Themistocles and Pericles define the course of ancient Greek Empire history. Their achievements portray economic, military, cultural, and political profile of their empires. On the other hand, the bibliography of the Roman Empire heroes, Nero and Caesar, define the course of history of the empire. Their great achievements did shape their course of history and the current society by extension, obtains invaluable lessons applicable to current crisis. Since the great achievements of great persons are shaping the course and destiny of the modernity, the contemporary society owes them a lot. Footnotes 1Thomas Carlyle. On Heroes, Hero-Worship and the Heroic in History. New York: Harvard University, 1841. 2Thomas Carlyle. On Heroes, Hero-Worship and the Heroic in History. 3John Dryden. â€Å"Themistocles.† The Internet Classic Archive. 2009. Web.. http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/themisto.html 4John Dryden.†Themistocles† 5John Dryden. †Themistocles† 6John Dryden. †Themistocles† 7John Dryden. †Th emistocles† 8John Dryden.†Themistocles† 9John Dryden. †Themistocles† 10 John Dryden. †Themistocles† 11John Dryden. †Themistocles† 12John Dryden.†Themistocles† 13 John Dryden. â€Å"Caesar† The Internet Classic Archive. 2009. Web. http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/caesar.html 14 John Dryden. â€Å"Caesar† 15 John Dryden. â€Å"Caesar† 16 John Dryden. â€Å"Caesar† 17 John Dryden. â€Å"Caesar† 18 John Dryden. â€Å"Caesar† 19 John Dryden. â€Å"Caesar† 20 John Dryden. â€Å"Caesar† 21 John Dryden. â€Å"Caesar† 22 John Dryden. â€Å"Caesar† 23 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† The Internet Classic Archive.2009. Web.. http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/pericles.html/ 24 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† 25 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† 26 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† 27 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† 28 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles † 29 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† 30 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† 31 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† 32 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† 33 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† 34 John Dryden. â€Å"Pericles† 35 Paul Halsall. â€Å"Suetonius: De Vita Caesarum – Nero.† Internet Ancient History Sourcebook, 2000. Web..  http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suet-nero-rolfe.html/ 36 Paul Halsall. â€Å"Suetonius: De Vita Caesarum – Nero.† 37 Paul Halsall. â€Å"Suetonius: De Vita Caesarum – Nero.† 38 Paul Halsall. â€Å"Suetonius: De Vita Caesarum – Nero.† 39 Paul Halsall. â€Å"Suetonius: De Vita Caesarum – Nero.† 40 Paul Halsall. â€Å"Suetonius: De Vita Caesarum – Nero.† 41 Paul Halsall. â€Å"Suetonius: De Vita Caesarum – Nero.† Works Cited Carlyle, Thomas. On Heroes, Hero-Worship and the Heroic in History. New York: Harvard University, 1841. Dryden, John. â€Å"Caesar† The Internet Classic Archive, 2009. Web.. http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/caesar.html Dryden, John. â€Å"Pericles.† The Internet Classic Archive, 2009. Web..  http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/pericles.html Dryden, John. â€Å"Themistocles.† The Internet Classic Archive, 2009. Web.. http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/themisto.html Halsall, Paul. â€Å"Suetonius: De Vita Caesarum – Nero.† Internet Ancient History  Sourcebook, 2000. Web.. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suet-nero-rolfe.html This term paper on The Great Person Theory: Is it a Valid Interpretation of History? was written and submitted by user Ainsley Owen to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Dont Wish Your Life Away †Theology Essay

Dont Wish Your Life Away – Theology Essay Free Online Research Papers Don’t Wish Your Life Away Theology Essay If you were given three personal wishes that would be certain to come true, what would they be? Some people are big on wishing. They throw coins in a fountain or wishing well, vie for the wishbone of the turkey, regularly thumb through their favorite wish book, religiously blow out all the candles of their birthday cake, and some dreamily wish upon a star. Sadly, most people’s wishes end in disappointment, regret, or resignation. The New Oxford American Dictionary defines â€Å"wish† as â€Å"feel or express strong desire or hope for something that is not easily attainable; want something that cannot or probably will not happen . . . silently invoke such a hope or desire†. Perhaps you have heard phrases such as: â€Å"If wishes were horses, beggars would ride†. For many a wish is a desire that they don’t’ really expect to be filled. Some want a magic wand to bring about their wish without any effort or change on their part. My friend, Bill, got my attention the other day. While talking with some friends, Jenny mentioned that it seemed like Friday to her, even though it was only Tuesday. I remarked, â€Å"I wish it was Friday!† Bill quickly responded, â€Å"Don’t wish your life away, time goes fast enough!† I believe he was right. We miss so much because we don’t live or utilize the present. Simply wishing will waste energy and opportunities we have now. Wishing alone will not take us to our goals or desires. Someone has said, â€Å"It takes as much energy to wish as it does to change.† Some people never reach their goals because they wish their life away or sleep it away. How can we turn our wishes into passionate wants and passionate wants into winning ways? First – PRAY, DELIGHTING IN THE LORD. When you make God your utmost delight, your disorder becomes ordered, your confusion will become peacefully clear, and discord – harmony. When one is out of sync with God, they tend to wander in circles. After deliverance from Egypt, it took 40 years for the Israelites to get to the Promised Land. What was the problem? They were out of â€Å"sync† with God. (See I Corinthians 10:1-13.) David tells us, â€Å"Delight yourself in the Lord, and He will give you the desires of your heart. Commit your way to the Lord; trust also in Him, and He will do it† (Psalm 37:4). Gordon McDonald in his book Ordering Your Private World directs us to this priority. Pray for God’s will and purpose for your life. (See Jeremiah 29:11-12 and Matthew 6:33.) Second – PASSIONATE DREAMS will motivate you to make needed changes and take the necessary risks to move out of your comfort zone. Study the dreams and life of Abraham. It moved him out into the unknown, totally trusting God. (See Genesis 12 – 15 and Hebrews 11.) What passion are you embracing? Third – PROCEED DELIBERATELY. Wishing is not enough. We must take deliberate steps. Perhaps baby steps at first. â€Å"By faith . . . Abraham went out† (Hebrews 11:8-12). Abraham believed his challenges were opportunities. He looked to the new and exciting opportunities God put before him. Like Abraham, we must take positive action to develop discipline, motivation, perseverance, and obedience to God, to reach our goals and dreams. Fourth – YOUR PAST MUST BE DEEPLY BURIED. Forget any mistakes or failures of yesterday. We should learn from them, but don’t dwell on them. Move ahead. God forgives and forgets, so why don’t you? (See Psalms 103:3, 4, 10, 11 and Philippians 3:13.) John F. Kennedy said, â€Å"Change is the law of life and those who look only to the past or present are certain to miss the future.† Fifth – PART WITH DEAD WEIGHT. Anything that doesn’t support your dream, that which is most important to you, needs to be laid aside. Anything that interferes with your goal must be abandoned. Why spend energy, resources, time, and give space to activities or things that do not help advance your goals and dreams? Are there habits, attitudes, things, or sins that hold you back? Part with them. (See Hebrews 12:1-2.) Sixth – GOD’S PROMISES DEVELOP FAITH. There are three enduring qualities that will propel you toward your dreams: faith, hope, and love. (See I Corinthians 13.) Believing and embracing the promises of God will release His presence and power into your life. God’s Word reveals that the Israelites had the promises of God, but it didn’t profit them because they were not mixed with faith. (See Hebrews 4:2 and 11:6.) Problems can’t be ignored, but as we focus on the promises and power of God, they can be turned into opportunities to bring God glory and reach our God given dreams. Seventh – PUT ON THE DIFFERENT, NEW MAN. â€Å"And that you put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness† (Ephesians 4:24). Many wish they were a different person, a different father, mother, or spouse. In Christ, you can become a new creation. â€Å"Therefore, if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature; old things are past away; behold, all things are become new† ( II Corinthians 5:17). Abraham became a new man. â€Å"Abraham believed God and it was counted unto him for righteousness† (Romans 4:3). Don’t wish your life away, believe God. â€Å"For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him, should not perish, but have everlasting life† (John 3:16) Research Papers on Don’t Wish Your Life Away - Theology EssayThe Hockey GameHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite Religion19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceHip-Hop is ArtWhere Wild and West MeetCapital PunishmentEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHonest Iagos Truth through Deception

Necessity of Multinational Businesses and its Influences Term Paper

Necessity of Multinational Businesses and its Influences - Term Paper Example The multinational business has made major contributions to the economic growth and developments as it helps in increasing employment, industrial production, better government control, higher GDP, national income etc. Having realized the growing importance of multinational business, the most developed and developing countries are following free trade policies to encourage multinational business. The recent developments in the field of international trade are primarily led by deregulation of the business in the global platform. The multinational business is very helpful in increasing flow of capital, exchanges of resources like labor force, raw material, technology etc and it also offer a number of opportunities to the multinational corporation along with hosting country. It brings competition in the market by making specific market matured and efficient. In this regard, Hope and Mailing have described the trade policy as â€Å"competition-enhancing device† as the host countries ’ market receive a number of new players making the market highly competitive for the existing domestic companies (Hope and Maeleng, 1998, p.52). The organisations are trying to expand their market in the overseas boundaries to grab market opportunities. However, in this process of internationalization, there are a number of challenges which have been driven by multiple factors. This paper will attempt to main drivers of multinational business led by the globalization process and major opportunities and challenges in this regard. Globalization has been a very debatable but an interesting area of Economics as it includes all the necessary aspects of growth and development. In fact, the process of globalization includes combines economics, international relation, sociology, and management. All these areas are very significant for economic development and globalization has playing a crucial role in this regard. As globalisation covers wide aspects, many scholars have tried to de fine globalisation as per their perspectives. Rhodes (1996) stressed on economic and financial â€Å"the functional integration of national economies within the circuits of industrial and financial capital† (Ali, 2000, p.5). On the other hand, Mobley and Weldon have given a much broader definition of the globalisation as they defined that is refers to any force that creates an unexpected, uniform, sometimes disruptive condition across heretofore impermeable boundaries within which the relevant conditions were previously varied† (Mobley and Weldon, 2006, p.146). The process of globalisation has been very gradual and there are a number of driving forces behind this process. Globalisation can also be viewed from the multidisciplinary aspects which includes a philosophy, a phenomenon and a process and these three multidisciplinary aspects have influences the human being profoundly. In this regard, the driving forces have led to turn the phenomenon as a process and philosoph y. There are four major driving forces of the globalisation process that includes trade, finance, technology, communication and transport.  

Secular Organizations and Sacred Places Paper Research

Secular Organizations and Sacred Places - Research Paper Example National Park Service, 2011). These four American Presidents had played an important role in the creation of the democratic nation of the United States of America. This contemporary monument is admired and respected by all people holding democratic and secular beliefs. On the other hand, the Sphinx of Egypt was built nearly 6000 years ago during the reign of King Khafre (Guardian’s Sphinx, n.d.). Due to the artistic beauty and the message of love radiated by the gigantic sculpture, the Sphinx is popular among the tourists who respect democracy and secularism. The Sphinx has the body of a lion and the divine head of a king or God, which shows the combination of strength and intellect in the mythical creature (Guardian’s Sphinx, n.d.). Significance Mount Rushmore represents freedom, unification, and democracy that have been given to the American citizens by the great American Presidents (South Dakota Mount Rushmore Information, 2011). Since the busts of the American Presi dents are carved on the top of the mountain, the head is shown to be the most sacred part of the sculpture. It was the vision, planning, and successful implementation by the American Presidents who had emphasized freedom and democracy for the unified country.

Marxist And Leninist Perspectives On Colonialism History Essay

Marxist And Leninist Perspectives On Colonialism History Essay Colonialism can be defined as the control that a country or government holds over the territory and the people in a foreign country. It can also be defined as the practice of one country acquiring full or partial political control over another country. It is the establishment, maintenance, acquisition and expansion of colonies of one country in another. Also, colonialism is a term which refers to the settlement of colonies and migrates there as inhabitants. It is where a powerful country takes over a less powerful country and begins to rule that country as theirs. Colonialism and imperialism are often used inter changeably, but they are two different words having different meaning. As both colonialism and imperialism means political and economic domination of the other scholars often find it hard to differentiate the two. Although both words discuss suppression of the other, colonialism is where one nation assumes control over the other and imperialism refers to political or economic control either formally or informally. Colonialism can be thought to be a practice and imperialism as the idea driving the practice. It is also a term where a country conquers and rules over other regions. It means exploiting the resources of the resources of the conquered country for the benefit of conqueror. Karl Marx and Lenin had different views on colonialism but they both support democracy and equality. Karl Marx views colonialism as a major moment in the historical process of primitive accumulation and therefore as a precondition for the domination of the capitalist mode of production. Karl Marx influenced colonialism both post colonialism and anti colonialism. Karl Marx influenced the anti colonial independence movement around the world and the post colonial theory. Karl Marx analyzed colonialism as a progressive force which brings modernization to a society that is feudal. He also discussed how the British colonialism made impact on the Indians. Karl Marx mentioned the Indians as a feudal society who experienced modernization but in a painful manner or way. Karl Marx believed that that colonialism did not automatically lead to the prevalence of the capitalist mode of production in the colonies, since the latter as well as capital accumulation have for their fundamental condition the annihilation of that private property which rests on the labor of the individual himself. Karl Marx considered colonialism to be an indispensable feature of imperialism. The obstacle that the internal of pre-capitalist mode of production oppose to the solvent effect of trade is apparent in the English commerce with India and China. These social obstacles to capitalism advances more rapidly to wealth and greatness than any other human society. Whereas in colonies inhabited by barbarous nations was actually more difficult to displace the natives. Karl Marx used oriental despotism to describe a class domination that used the states power of taxation in order to extract resources from the peasantry. According to Marx, oriental despotism emerged in India because agricultural productivity depended on large scale public works. According to Karl Marx he said that the first stage of human development is personal dependence. He believed that every individual should be independent on his or her own. He believed that should be able to do what they want to do on their own without being controlled by someone else. Karl Marx also talked about the sufferings brought during the transition from feudal to bourgeois society while insisting that the transition is both necessary and ultimately progressive. He said that the penetration of foreign commerce will cause a social revolution in India. This had both negative and positive consequences according to Marx. Karl Marx argued that colonial control was necessary not as a means of excluding rival industrial nations. Karl also stressed the importance of the colonial states for transforming those non-capitalist modes whose political level was crucial for their reproduction. Imperialism is thus a tendency to expansion of a developed capitalist power, a tendency created in the last instance by economic processes, but also supported by political and ideological process. Some events like the World War II, show that it was not the economically most developed capitalist country which challenged the British colonial imperialist supremacy, but an imperialist country mainly motivated by national claims against its neighboring states. After the World War II and the national liberation movements which followed, most former colonies won their national independence, which led to the dissolution of empires and to the end of colonialism. Marxist approaches to imperialism consider, though that ex-colonies and developing countries are still subordinated to imperialist countries through dependency relations. The dependence created by colonialism is still manifested in all the key spheres of the developing countries economic life. According to Lenin, he defined the struggle for national independence in colonies as essential for these colonies, as the only political course of action which could bring an end to oppression and economic misery. He also defined these struggles as inherently progressive, as the politics of the struggles of working people for social justice and showed why such anti-colonial struggles would win. In the year 1915 to 1916 argued that colonial liberation struggles were important components of the worldwide revolutionary process and he declared his conviction that many of them would succeed during the lifetime of capitalism. In the year 1917 until the end of his active life, Lenin adopted his fully matured theory of liberation in the colonial world. Lenins theory influenced the world decolonization process. Lenin stated in his theory that colonial liberation movement would succeed in the era of imperialism, that they were progressive and that they would not be bourgeois nationalist to the extent that exploited and revolutionary socialists provided them with directions. Lenin also demanded of all revolutionary socialists that they fight for the liberation of all colonies and any party in any colony-owning country which did not fight strongly for the liberation of its countrys colonies would be excluded for the international. Lenin also argued that support for colonial liberation was a direct support for the worlds revolution. As late as 1916, Lenin still hoped that it might be possible to unite political movement in colonies and the countries which own these colonies. Lenin later abandoned this vision and never returned to it. After the year 1916, Lenin never suggested not even once that that working class parties in colonies should be fused to those in the colonizing country, except as they fused into a single international. Karl Marx and Lenin taught that colonialism resulted from the same logic that drove the economic development and modernization in Europe. Lenin was skeptical of theories which placed undue emphasis of the unified global nature of capitalism which underplay the role of nations and states. He showed that capitalism cannot be reduced to the economy, by ignoring the state or the political and ideological relations of power. He emphasized that the nation state is an important influence on the way economies are organized in the normal course of capitalist development and that there are important economic forces propelling the reproduction of nation states. Capitalist power over the working classes is at the same time economic, political and ideological and it is condensed by the capitalist state in each national social formation. Lenin thought that the articulation and intertwining of all existing capitalist powers, each of which possesses a different strength and development level. It forms the worlds imperialist chain, the weakest link of which was Russia in 1917. Lenin suggested that imperialism is a permanent relationship structuring the interactions between two types of countries. Although imperialism took the form of military competition between capitalist countries, it would result in collusion between capitalist interests to maintain a stable system of exploitation of the non-developed world.

Billy Pilgrims Coping Mechanism for PTSD in Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five :: Slaughterhouse-Five

In Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five, Billy Pilgrim becomes â€Å"unstuck† in time. The question here is, why? The fact of the matter is that he does not actually begin to time-travel. Billy â€Å"becomes unstuck† as a coping mechanism to deal with his traumatic experiences during the war. Billy attempts to reorganize his life’s events and cope with a disorder known as post traumatic stress (PTSD). â€Å"Post traumatic stress disorder is a debilitating condition that follows a terrifying event† (Marilyn 8). It occurs when one has witnessed or experienced a traumatic event, such as war, child abuse, or other types of violence. Victims may claim to relive or re-experience events that were traumatic to them. They may even â€Å"feel† or â€Å"hear† things from the event. Other symptoms may include: â€Å"forgetfulness†¦amnesia, excessive fantasizing†¦trancelike states†¦imaginary companion, sleepwalking, and blackouts† (Putman 2). A lot of times, coping mechanisms fail and the following inner dissonance can lead to a multiplicity of upsetting emotional and physical symptoms (Robert Saperstein 2). Some children suffering from PTSD may show traumatic play. This refers to the reenactment of a traumatic experience. Usually, children will change the ending to make it happier. This is an extreme example of using the imagination as a way to escap e the terrible memories. Billy has all the symptoms associated with the disorder as he also used his imagination to escape his bad memories. When Billy Pilgrim goes to war in Germany, he is soon captured by the Germans and taken to a prisoner camp. While there, he is mocked and ridiculed. He is a very passive character, and so is not bothered by this taunting, but when Billy realizes that the war doesn’t just affect soldiers and people, but all animals, such as the horses they find after the bombing of Dresden, his life is scarred forever. He sees that the horses are bleeding from their mouths and that they are in agony when walking. When Billy sees that his colleagues had mistreated the horses, he realizes that that is what war does to the entire world. Billy is forever changed and even weeps (197). This may have been the trigger for PTSD in Billy’s life to begin with. One of case post traumatic stress disorder tells of a Vietnam veteran sleeping with a gun under his pillow and having nightmares so intense that he woke up strangling his wife. Another time, the same veteran saw a neighbor walking outside after dark and dodged under a bush and started crawling around with a gun (McGirk 1).